I meant that his main focus is spiritual because he's talking about spiritual salvation throughout Romans 9-11.
Agreed.
You are not getting that Paul was speaking in the present tense in Romans 11:11-14. When he said he wanted to provoke some of his fellow Israelites to jealousy, do you think he was talking about Israelites that wouldn't even be alive until at least about 2,000 years later?
I'm saying that he doesn't know when God will circumcised the hearts of his people and he would like to be a part of THAT.
No, he was talking about his fellow Israelites living at that time that he personally wanted to help save.
How do you figure? Paul wouldn't drop a non-sequitur right in the middle of his argument. Why would he do that?
11:11 I say then,
they did not stumble so as to fall, did they? May it never be!
They = The nation of Israel.
In this context, Paul is using a third person plural pronoun to represent the collective noun "Israel", which is a single country made up of more than one person. You can’t have a team without individual members; even so, we discuss a team as a single entity. Likewise, Paul speaks about Israel as a single entity.
11:12 Now if
their transgression is riches for the world and their failure is riches for the Gentiles, how much more will
their fulfillment be!
Their = The nation of Israel.
The same is true of this pronoun. Paul is speaking about the single entity "Israel" not individual citizens of Israel. He tells us that Israel's transgression, her failure became riches for the
Gentiles, which is another collective noun. In this instance, "Gentiles" refers to all Gentile peoples taken as a whole. The New Covenant is available to all people and no group of people is excluded.
In this instance, "fulfillment" means something like "manned." Think of a Greek trireme ship, which is propelled along the water by oarsmen. And when the entire trireme has a full compliment of oarsmen on board, it is said to be "fulfilled." Later Paul will say that Israel is partially hardened, and this is like a trireme with only a fraction of her crew on board. Eventually Paul says, the nation of Israel will be "fulfilled" or fully populated with believers.
11:13 But I am speaking to you who are
Gentiles. Inasmuch then as I am an apostle of
Gentiles, I magnify my ministry,
Gentiles = all the peoples of the earth (except Israel) taken as a whole.
Paul will go anyplace and to any Gentile family as long as time allows.
11:14
if somehow I might move to jealousy my fellow countrymen and save
some of them.
Some of them = the hardened Israelites.
Again, saving Israelites per se doesn't magnify his ministry because outside the context of nationhood, individual Israelites are just like other people. All individuals, whether Jew or Gentile, can be saved if they call upon the name of the Lord. Jew or Gentile makes no difference. What Paul has in mind is the fulfillment of Israel, i.e. God's promise to soften their hearts, and open their eyes and ears. It would magnify his ministry if God would allow him to participate in Deuteronomy 30: 6-10 because THAT would indicate that God's promise didn't fail.