LIMITED ATONEMENT: US vs THEM (the L of TULIP)

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Ronald Nolette

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cripture never indicates that man lost his free will. Free will to serve God. Rom 1:18-24 alludes to the same thing. Man actually needs to make an effort to actually deny the knowledge of God. We also have many who were called righteous in the OT. They are not righteous because God forced them to become righteous, but by their own free will. The Holy Spirit was working in the age before Christ, though not inward, but upon those of the OT. The fact that Mary, was righteous and choose to accept that she would bear Christ.
Making blanket statements such as you did negates the rest of scripture to the contrary. The fact is man chooses to be slaves to sin or to righteousness.
Free will is not even hinted at in the historical review of romans 1.

But I will simply post one verse that shows conclusively that an unsaved man cannot choose God of his own will.

Romans 8:6-8

King James Version

6 For to be carnally minded is death; but to be spiritually minded is life and peace.
7 Because the carnal mind is enmity against God: for it is not subject to the law of God, neither indeed can be.
8 So then they that are in the flesh cannot please God.

In our natural state, man cannot please God. PERIOD! Choosing to get saved pleases God- ergo a man in his natural fallen state cannot choose to be saved!

The saved man has his free will restored to him. Only a saved person can choose ot obey or disobey God. As scripture says there is no good in our human nature, it is all filthy rags, we cannot even perceive the things of god.

How is that free will.
Yes, all false teachings are based on scripture. The west under the RC didn't accept the false teachings of Augustine until Anselm in the 11th century when he embodied both the concept of Original Sin and developed the Satisfaction theory of atonement.
Actually the Church had false teaching described by Paul by Hymenaeus and Philetus. As well as teachings ascribed to men like Apollo.
However, when false teachers/teachings occured and they impacted the faithful, a Council, like the one described in
Acts 15 would be called to determine the correct meaning of scripture. In other words they followed the teachings of the Holy Spirit/Paul as in I Tim 3:15.
Protestantism when even further astray than the RC. They adopted some the false teachings of the RC, then man every man his own interpreter of scripture which gave birth to hundreds of denominations who all differ between themselves on some point. Hardly the original gospel, once given and preserved within the Body of Christ by the Holy Spirit. They have been debating the merits for 500 years so far. Do you think they might come together in any shape or form?
Yes protestantism has its faults. The RC and Eastern churches before the reformation left the original gospels long ago. when one teaches that a person can lose their salvation- they are now teaching another gospel, and have lost even the basic understanding of what Jesus accomplished on the Cross.

I notice you loveto generalize your accusations. Care to put some meat on your skeletal accusations?
Saying he teaches Christ became human means nothing when the theology he espouses denies the Incarnation. His doctrines of predestination, and election, and limited atonement are direct denials of the efficaciousness of the Incarnation. You even denied it with your total misunderstanding of the fall in relation to Christ correcting that fall, I Cor 15:20-22. The statement you made about the fall also is incorrect based on scripture. If that is what Calvin believed, then I understand his total misunderstanding of the Incarnation. It seems to be just incidental.

And all this blather is just opinion. Care top back up your allegation with Scriptural facts?
Yes, all false teachings are based on scripture. The west under the RC didn't accept the false teachings of Augustine until Anselm in the 11th century when he embodied both the concept of Original Sin and developed the Satisfaction theory of atonement.
Actually the Church had false teaching described by Paul by Hymenaeus and Philetus. As well as teachings ascribed to men like Apollo.
However, when false teachers/teachings occured and they impacted the faithful, a Council, like the one described in
Acts 15 would be called to determine the correct meaning of scripture. In other words they followed the teachings of the Holy Spirit/Paul as in I Tim 3:15.
Protestantism when even further astray than the RC. They adopted some the false teachings of the RC, then man every man his own interpreter of scripture which gave birth to hundreds of denominations who all differ between themselves on some point. Hardly the original gospel, once given and preserved within the Body of Christ by the Holy Spirit. They have been debating the merits for 500 years so far. Do you think they might come together in any shape or form?
Yes there has always been those angels of light. but I am referring to actual strong and pervasive pushes of false doctrine that starting taking large sway over the church. Some of the more notables were Arius and origen.
You have confirmed what I stated. Most men chose to deny the knowledge of God and went their own way. Flood destroyed them and then by the time of Abraham a different dispensation was needed. Even the Isrealites forgot God with even more divine intervention.
And we come to the current state and most are again denying Christ.
In order to deny Jesus one must have the right knowledge of Jesus! Around half the eartths population has no knowledge of the Biblical Jesus . Never heard teh gospel nor HIs name once!
 

atpollard

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The verse says that the person is 'drawn".

God the Father is in Heaven. So, This would be the Holy Spirit that "draws" the person, to Jesus.

"No one can come to Me unless the Father who sent Me draws him; and I will raise him up at the last day."​

- John 6:44 [NKJV]

(Your complaint is with Jesus and the Apostle John ... the authors of that scripture ... not with me. Go tell THEM that they got it wrong.)
 

Behold

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"No one can come to Me unless the Father who sent Me draws him; and I will raise him up at the last day."​

- John 6:44 [NKJV]

Yes.

I explained that..

Let me shorten it for you.

Jesus, who is God, said.....>"if i be lifted up on the CROSS, i will draw all people to me".

This "drawing" is the conviction of the Holy Spirit.
This work of the Spirit is always active, its always leading people to Christ, but not everyone will come, even tho they feel the effect of the conviction of the Holy Spirit.

Ive talked to people, who told me....."Im a preacher's kid, i know all about Jesus and the Cross......and one day i'll get saved".

Well, they are making a choice to put that day off, as that is how it can be to use your Free Will.

Some years ago i worked in "Christian Radio"... And the Station Owner told me that He knew to get saved, he knew it......but He decided that "i dont want to come to Christ when my life is a mess......i want to come to Christ when i have my life together".
And he did.......
But that is playing on the edge of Hell, because you dont know when you are going to DIE.

I believe that most people would get saved the day before they died, if they knew when they were going to Die.
But because they dont know.......they dont think about their death, or eternity..... and so, the clock ticks and hell awaits the FREE WILL waiter who waited too long.
 

atpollard

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Jesus, who is God, said.....>"if i be lifted up on the CROSS, i will draw all people to me".
That we worship one God in trinity and the trinity in unity,
neither blending their persons
nor dividing their essence.
For the person of the Father is a distinct person,
the person of the Son is another,
and that of the Holy Spirit still another.
But the divinity of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit is one,

their glory equal, their majesty coeternal.
- excerpt from the Athanasian Creed

You appear to be conflating the persons of the Father, Son and Holy Spirit.
That GOD (Father-Son-Spirit) is completely involved in our salvation is not questioned, but John (the gospel) is full of clear statements from Jesus (God the Son) about God the Father and what He (God the father) does, did and will do. One must embrace the work of the Holy Spirit without denying the TRUTH spoken by the Son about the Father.

  • [Matthew 11:25 NKJV] At that time Jesus answered and said, "I thank You, Father, Lord of heaven and earth, that You have hidden these things from [the] wise and prudent and have revealed them to babes.
  • [Matthew16:17 NKJV] Jesus answered and said to him, "Blessed are you, Simon Bar-Jonah, for flesh and blood has not revealed [this] to you, but My Father who is in heaven.
  • [Luke 10:21 NKJV] In that hour Jesus rejoiced in the Spirit and said, "I thank You, Father, Lord of heaven and earth, that You have hidden these things from [the] wise and prudent and revealed them to babes. Even so, Father, for so it seemed good in Your sight.
  • [John 6:37 NKJV] "All that the Father gives Me will come to Me, and the one who comes to Me I will by no means cast out."
  • [John 6:39 NKJV] "This is the will of the Father who sent Me, that of all He has given Me I should lose nothing, but should raise it up at the last day."
  • [John 6:44 NKJV] "No one can come to Me unless the Father who sent Me draws him; and I will raise him up at the last day."
  • [John 6:45 NKJV] "It is written in the prophets, 'And they shall all be taught by God.' Therefore everyone who has heard and learned from the Father comes to Me."
  • [John 6:65 NKJV] And He said, "Therefore I have said to you that no one can come to Me unless it has been granted to him by My Father."
  • [John 10:29 NKJV] "My Father, who has given [them] to Me, is greater than all; and no one is able to snatch [them] out of My Father's hand."
Father means Father, like the Athanasian creed says.
 

Behold

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You appear to be conflating the persons of the Father, Son and Holy Spirit.

Father means Father, like the Athanasian creed says.

You seem to be confusing a "creed" with the word of God.
That's never a good idea.

So, the "Trinity" does describe the 3-in ONE aspect of God.

And God manifested in the Flesh, is God, who is Christ. 1 Timothy 3:16

Let me prove it to you.

Do you believe that God is the Creator? That God created the Heaven's, and the world?

Well, if you have a bible.....read these verses, as they say that JESUS created the World, and everything else.

John 1:10

Colossians 1:16
 

atpollard

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Let me prove it to you.
Instead, stick to the subject of your denial of the clear statements of Jesus about the Father in the Gospel of John.

How about we revisit what Jesus ... GOD INCARNATE ... actually spoke in John 6:44 which we Reformed affirm as true and you accuse us of being a "cult" for so doing. How about we discuss things that matter?


[Then we can debate manufactured issues about who is the creator ... hint: all three persons of the Godhead - "One God trinity and trinity in unity".]
 

Behold

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Instead, stick to the subject of your denial of the clear statements of Jesus about the Father in the Gospel of John.

How about we revisit what Jesus ... GOD INCARNATE ...

Jesus said to the Pharisees, that He is = "Before Abraham was.......>"I AM"

"I AM" is God's answer to Moses who asked God...>"what is your Name"

Jesus said...>"if you've seen me, you've SEEN the Father".

Jesus said..>"I and my Father are ONE".

Thomas, upon seeing Jesus for the first time after Christ was resurrected, said...>"my LORD and my GOD"....
And Jesus didn't correct Him, as God would not correct the Truth, atpollard.

You would.....i noticed.


So, read those and have a thinking session., atpollard.
 

Rightglory

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Free will is not even hinted at in the historical review of romans 1.

But I will simply post one verse that shows conclusively that an unsaved man cannot choose God of his own will.

Romans 8:6-8​

King James Version​

6 For to be carnally minded is death; but to be spiritually minded is life and peace.
7 Because the carnal mind is enmity against God: for it is not subject to the law of God, neither indeed can be.
8 So then they that are in the flesh cannot please God.

In our natural state, man cannot please God. PERIOD! Choosing to get saved pleases God- ergo a man in his natural fallen state cannot choose to be saved!
His free will is very active, He chooses to ignore the natural knowledge of creation. But man also chosses to find God. Able, Noah, Enoch, Abraham, and many others. God found favor with these persons. He did not coerce them. Since God desires all men to believe, if he wanted them he could have forced many more to believe. Do you call that love. It is actually impossible for God to do to man what your view holds.
You are right that man tends toword the negative and when he is in the flesh he cannot please God. Believers have a very difficult time remaining In the Spirit, and live in the flesh. Every sin one commits is in the flesh.
The saved man has his free will restored to him. Only a saved person can choose ot obey or disobey God. As scripture says there is no good in our human nature, it is all filthy rags, we cannot even perceive the things of god.
You realize you contradict yourself with the above statement. If man has his free will restored to him after he is saved, then what made him choose God in the first place. You are neither consistent nor logical with your view.
How is that free will.

Yes protestantism has its faults. The RC and Eastern churches before the reformation left the original gospels long ago. when one teaches that a person can lose their salvation- they are now teaching another gospel, and have lost even the basic understanding of what Jesus accomplished on the Cross.
Those are your words. Orthodox never taught one can lose one's salvation. What they teach is that a believer can lose their faith, and if no repentance, they will lose their inheritance, salvation, And how in your view did Eastern Churches leave the original gospel, and who determined that they left?
Coming from one who holds to limited atonement, a denial of what Christ accomplished.
I notice you loveto generalize your accusations. Care to put some meat on your skeletal accusations?
What accusations?
And all this blather is just opinion. Care top back up your allegation with Scriptural facts? I gave them to you before. Do I need to keep repeating them?

Yes there has always been those angels of light. but I am referring to actual strong and pervasive pushes of false doctrine that starting taking large sway over the church. Some of the more notables were Arius and origen.
These and maybe at least 20 others I can give to you who are either false teachers, or their writings were. The Church does not hold to any of these views which is why they are called false. The Church Councils condemned all of them as unscriptural and the Church itself accepted all of these decisions except two, I believe. One was Council of Trent. Let me ask you how you might discern false teachings?
In order to deny Jesus one must have the right knowledge of Jesus! Around half the eartths population has no knowledge of the Biblical Jesus . Never heard teh gospel nor HIs name once!
You do have a very dim view of the power of the Holy Spirit.
 

atpollard

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Jesus said to the Pharisees, that He is = "Before Abraham was.......>"I AM"

"I AM" is God's answer to Moses who asked God...>"what is your Name"

Jesus said...>"if you've seen me, you've SEEN the Father".

Jesus said..>"I and my Father are ONE".

Thomas, upon seeing Jesus for the first time after Christ was resurrected, said...>"my LORD and my GOD"....
And Jesus didn't correct Him, as God would not correct the Truth, atpollard.

You would.....i noticed.


So, read those and have a thinking session., atpollard.
think … think … think …

I think your line of reasoning, if applied to John 6:44, renders Jesus a liar (disqualifying him from being our savior) and renders the verse in its context (as well as several other verses in John 6) utterly nonsensical …

John 6:43-44 ”Quit complaining, you can’t come to me unless I send me and draw you to me (but don’t worry, because I will draw everyone without exception when I am crucified), and I will raise everyone that I draw (which is everyone) on the last day.” … that’s UNIVERSALISM, Patrick! [Lutheran Satire reference].
 

Ronald David Bruno

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Most people are not on just one side, but a TOPIC really requires a strong opening position for people to agree or disagree with if it is to generate any real "debate" (in the academic meaning of the term). So I selected one side and defended it, then invited challenge to the position.

"I think everyone has some truth" is a milk-toast road to vapid ecumenicism and away from any REAL Biblical Truth.

Here are some TRUTHS worth arguing about:
  • God chooses men, men do not choose God.
  • Faith comes from God, not from the human heart.
  • Men are born corrupted and require a radical transformation ('new heart', 'born again', 'new man' ... choose your Biblical Term of preference).
  • God has chosen some from every nation, tribe tongue and people - a multitude too great to count - ("everyone without distinction" but not "everyone without exception.")
  • God's WRATH and JUSTICE is as real as His LOVE and MERCY ... God is ALL, not either/or.
I agree with all those truths.
But that each side has truth "being a milk toast road to vapid ecumenicism" would require including all regions - I wasn't talking about truths in all religions. I was talking about Christianity.
But I do think Calvin's acronym is flawed. Again one must be omniscient to suggest such an acronym. It is high minded, presumptuous and cold.
It's like these ungifted evangelists force feeding the gospel by starting with the fear of Hell. It doesn't go over well. My Pastor always said to start with grace and end with grace. TULIP, in reality is a beautiful flower, sounds nice until you hear what the acronym means. It's harsh.
 

Behold

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think … think … think …

I think your line of reasoning, if applied to John 6:44, renders Jesus a liar (

I think you are not thinking, you are just recanting what your "church" taught you to think.

Listen,

Only God is Righteous, and Jesus is our righteousness, because He's God in the Flesh.
He came to provide "the gift of righteousness" to the world, but specifically to "all who will believe".
 

atpollard

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I think you are not thinking, you are just recanting what your "church" taught you to think.

Listen,

Only God is Righteous, and Jesus is our righteousness, because He's God in the Flesh.
He came to provide "the gift of righteousness" to the world, but specifically to "all who will believe".
I agree, but WHAT has that to do with understanding and explaining the meaning of John 6:44 within the context of John 6:41-51?

[You really want to discuss anything and everything EXCEPT the one verse that I presented to refute your claim that "Calvinism" is contra Biblical (a "cult").]

So to refresh our memories, the original post about John 6:44 and your false accusation against the Doctrines of Grace:

You said:​
"Calvinism is not Christianity.​
Its a cult teaching that perverts faith and spits on God's Grace."​
I replied:​
No one can come to Me [ T ]
unless the Father who sent Me [ U ]
draws him, [ I ]
and I will raise him up on the last day.
[ P ]
- John 6:44 [four of the 5 points of TULIP in a single verse]
Does John 6:44 also "pervert faith and spit on God's Grace"?​

So What Does John 6:44 mean if not what the Doctrines of Grace claim:

  • ( T ) No person is able to come to Jesus on their own power
  • ( U ) God the Father chooses who will be drawn
  • ( I ) God irresistibly draws those drawn to the Son (all drawn will come)
  • ( P ) Jesus will loose none of His sheep, all Justified will be Glorified.
... and if John 6:44 states what the Doctrines of Grace state, then how can the word of God "pervert faith and spit on God's Grace"?
YOU HAVE MADE A FALSE ACCUSATION AGAINST OTHER CHRISTIANS.
 

Behold

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I agree, but WHAT has that to do with understanding and explaining the meaning of John 6:44 within the context of John 6:41-51?

Those verses show Jesus talking to Christ denying Hebrew Pharisees.
Are you one?

So, what we can do, is present "all that the Father gives me".......

as this.

Jesus said....>"if i be lifted up (on the Cross), i will draw ALL people to me"....

(Calvinism denies "All")

Being "drawn" is the work of the Holy Spirit in the heart of an unbeliever.

But here is the thing.......not everyone who comes to the knowledge of the Truth, will put their faith in Christ.

Many have a head knowledge, but that is not the same as trusting Jesus in your heart, by Faith.


How many are in Hell right now,,,,,thinking.......>"OMG< i knew it was true, i knew i should have trusted in Jesus".

But they didnt.
They used their FREE WILL to NOT trust., and that is why they died and went to hell.
 
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atpollard

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My Pastor always said to start with grace and end with grace. TULIP, in reality is a beautiful flower, sounds nice until you hear what the acronym means. It's harsh.
Jesus didn't follow your pastor's advice. Our knowledge of judgement and being cast into eternal fire and gnashing of teeth comes from the lips of Jesus.

Isn't that curious.

[That said, TULIP isn't a tool for evangelism any more than the doctrine of the Trinity is a tool for Evangelism. If you want to see "Calvinist Evangelism" read a sermon by Charles Spurgeon - which is readily available - who was both a "Particular Baptist" (aka. Reformed/Calvinist) and gifted as an Evangelist.]

Here is Spurgeon's sermon on John 3:16
Here is Spurgeon's sermon on John 6:44

Compare the two and see if they both have the heart that embraces TULIP and for EVANGELISM.
(The point being that the Doctrines of Grace are not incompatible with Evangelism).
 

Behold

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Jesus didn't follow your pastor's advice.

I only teach Pauline Theology.
You are welcome to Google it.

Calvin, could not understand that God's Foreknowledge is not the same thing as Pre-destined.
Ive never met a Calvinist who could understand this fact.

I dont foresee that you will be the first to understand it., tho that would be great as i'd love to be able to say i finally talked to ONE who could.
 

atpollard

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But they didnt.
They used their FREE WILL to NOT trust., and that is why they died and went to hell.
You do realize that the heart of Reformed thinking is that EVERYONE uses their FREE and FALLEN will to choose NOT to trust God 100% of the time ... that is why God must DRAW SOME. Ephesians 2 puts it this way: "Among them we too all previously lived in the lusts of our flesh, indulging the desires of the flesh and of the mind, and were by nature children of wrath, just as the rest. But God, being rich in mercy, because of His great love with which He loved us, even when we were dead in our wrongdoings, made us alive together with Christ (by grace you have been saved) ..." [Ephesians 2:3-5 NASB]

As Jesus said: "You MUST be born again" ... and we can no more control our second birth than we were in control of our first birth. It is the heart of 'natural, fallen' man that demands control of his destiny and refuses to acknowledge that control belongs exclusively to the sovereignty of God. God chooses whom He will adopt as a child, the clay does not select the Potter.
 
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Behold

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that is why God must DRAW SOME.

Jesus said....>"if i be lifted up on the CROSS, i will DRAW ALL"

Do you understand the world "all"?

Its like this.

"For God so loved the WORLD"..... John 3:16......... See that "world"? That is "ALL".

Here it is again.

"God would that ALL be saved"... 1 Timothy 2:4


See that "All" World'... everyone?

Calvin could not see stand that the Cross was for ALL......., and neither can his disciples....as i told you.

Calvin Limits the Grace of God, so that proves he's a Cross denying devil, as its the Devil who wants the Cross limited and the Grace of God limited, and the Salvation of God, limited.
 

atpollard

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I only teach Pauline Theology.
You are welcome to Google it
Hard pass on that.

Calvin, could not understand that God's Foreknowledge is not the same thing as Pre-destined.
Ive never met a Calvinist who could understand this fact.
I suggest that you start a topic on it. The best way to begin would be to clearly define both terms, preferably with scripture to support your definitions. Then we would have a chance to understand what you are claiming.

What you really mean, is that you have never met a Calvinist that was willing to accept your unsubstantiated opinions as fact and reject their own opinions as incorrect just because "you said so".

I dont foresee that you will be the first to understand it., tho that would be great as i'd love to be able to say i finally talked to ONE who could.
I don't see that you have made an effort to explain it to me. So I am unlikely to be the first to accept your undefined terms and replace my years of reading scripture with your unsupported opinions about what I should believe. That is a safe bet.
 

atpollard

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Do you understand the world "all"?
Yup ...

John 12: (Jesus said he will draw all)
Jesus answered and said, “This voice did not come because of Me, but for your sake. Now is the judgment of this world; now the ruler of this world will be cast out. And I, if I am lifted up from the earth, will draw all peoples to Myself.” This He said, signifying by what death He would die.

Revelation 7: (All were drawn)
After these things I looked, and behold, a great multitude which no one could number, of all nations, tribes, peoples, and tongues, standing before the throne and before the Lamb, clothed with white robes, with palm branches in their hands, and crying out with a loud voice, saying, “Salvation belongs to our God who sits on the throne, and to the Lamb!” All the angels stood around the throne and the elders and the four living creatures, and fell on their faces before the throne and worshiped God, saying:
“Amen! Blessing and glory and wisdom,
Thanksgiving and honor and power and might,
Be to our God forever and ever.
Amen.”
ALL: (Biblical definition) ... "a great multitude which no one could number, of all nations, tribes, peoples, and tongues"

NOT "all without exception" ...
John 6:
The Jews then complained about Him, because He said, “I am the bread which came down from heaven.” And they said, “Is not this Jesus, the son of Joseph, whose father and mother we know? How is it then that He says, ‘I have come down from heaven’?”
Jesus therefore answered and said to them, “Do not murmur among yourselves. No one can come to Me unless the Father who sent Me draws him; and I will raise him up at the last day.

When Jesus knew in Himself that His disciples complained about this, He said to them, “Does this offend you? What then if you should see the Son of Man ascend where He was before? It is the Spirit who gives life; the flesh profits nothing. The words that I speak to you are spirit, and they are life. But there are some of you who do not believe.” For Jesus knew from the beginning who they were who did not believe, and who would betray Him. And He said, “Therefore I have said to you that no one can come to Me unless it has been granted to him by My Father.

Jesus answered them, “Did I not choose you, the twelve, and one of you is a devil?” He spoke of Judas Iscariot, the son of Simon, for it was he who would betray Him, being one of the twelve.

John 10:
Jesus answered them, “I told you, and you do not believe. The works that I do in My Father’s name, they bear witness of Me. But you do not believe, because you are not of My sheep, as I said to you. My sheep hear My voice, and I know them, and they follow Me. And I give them eternal life, and they shall never perish; neither shall anyone snatch them out of My hand. My Father, who has given them to Me, is greater than all; and no one is able to snatch them out of My Father’s hand. I and My Father are one.”

Romans 9:
And not only this, but when Rebecca also had conceived by one man, even by our father Isaac (for the children not yet being born, nor having done any good or evil, that the purpose of God according to election might stand, not of works but of Him who calls), it was said to her, “The older shall serve the younger.” As it is written, Jacob I have loved, but Esau I have hated.”

What shall we say then? Is there unrighteousness with God? Certainly not! For He says to Moses, “I will have mercy on whomever I will have mercy, and I will have compassion on whomever I will have compassion.” So then it is not of him who wills, nor of him who runs, but of God who shows mercy. For the Scripture says to the Pharaoh, “For this very purpose I have raised you up, that I may show My power in you, and that My name may be declared in all the earth.” Therefore He has mercy on whom He wills, and whom He wills He hardens.


You will say to me then, “Why does He still find fault? For who has resisted His will?” But indeed, O man, who are you to reply against God? Will the thing formed say to him who formed it, “Why have you made me like this?” Does not the potter have power over the clay, from the same lump to make one vessel for honor and another for dishonor?
What if God, wanting to show His wrath and to make His power known, endured with much longsuffering the vessels of wrath prepared for destruction, and that He might make known the riches of His glory on the vessels of mercy, which He had prepared beforehand for glory, even us whom He called, not of the Jews only, but also of the Gentiles?
 
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