Houtos means this. This (God’s word) was with God in the beginning. Not the pronoun ‘he’ referring to a non-existent person.
How far will you go?
The Greek Word "Houtos" (οὗτος)
Houtos is a demonstrative pronoun that can mean "this" or "he," depending on the context. Its antecedent determines how it should be understood.
In John 1:1-2, the antecedent of houtos is ho logos (ὁ λόγος), which is grammatically masculine in Greek. Therefore, houtos takes a masculine form, and its most natural translation is "he" when referring to a person.
2. Contextual Evidence in John 1
John 1:1-2 introduces ho logos as both distinct from God ("the Word was with God") and as God ("the Word was God").
The personhood of logos is implied by the use of the preposition pros (πρὸς) in "with God" (pros ton Theon), which suggests relationality, something a non-personal concept like "word" would not exhibit.
John 1:3 states, "Through him (di' autou, a personal pronoun), all things were made." The use of autou (him) confirms that logos is understood as a person, not a mere abstract concept.
John 1:4 further identifies the logos as the source of life, a role that implies personal agency.
3. Consistency with Johannine Theology
Throughout the Gospel of John, logos is clearly identified with Jesus Christ, a person. For instance:
John 1:14: "The Word became flesh and dwelt among us" (ho logos sarx egeneto), explicitly identifying the logos as Jesus.
John 1:18: "No one has seen God; the only begotten Son, who is in the bosom of the Father, has made Him known."
Translating houtos as "this" rather than "he" in John 1:2 disrupts the coherence of the prologue, which develops logos as a personal, divine agent who becomes incarnate.
4. Grammatical and Semantic Challenges
If houtos were translated as "this" (referring to "God's word" as a concept), the use of masculine pronouns (di' autou in John 1:3) would become incongruous. Concepts do not take personal pronouns in Greek.
Your argument ignores the broader linguistic pattern in which houtos often functions to emphasize a specific subject (here, logos as a person).
5. Early Church Understanding
Early Christians, including those who spoke Greek natively, universally interpreted logos as a reference to the preexistent Christ. This understanding shaped the doctrine of the Trinity.
The translation "he" reflects this historical and theological understanding, not a later theological imposition.
Conclusion
The claim that houtos in John 1:2-4 means "this" rather than "he" contradicts the grammatical structure, immediate context, and broader Johannine theology. The logos is clearly presented as a divine person who existed eternally with God and became incarnate in Jesus Christ.
J.