It seems there’s some confusion about what it means for Jesus to be our Asham (אָשָׁם, guilt offering) and the idea that He "became sin" on the cross.
In Isaiah 53:10, it is prophesied:
"But the LORD was pleased to crush Him, putting Him to grief; if He would render Himself as a guilt offering (אָשָׁם, Asham)."
This identifies Jesus as the fulfillment of the sacrificial system, specifically the Asham, which was an offering to atone for guilt, not the guilt itself. Jesus bore the penalty of sin, but He Himself remained holy and undefiled.
Now, regarding 2 Corinthians 5:21, it says:
"For He made Him who knew no sin to be sin for us."
The Greek phrase here is ἁμαρτίαν ἐποίησεν ("made Him sin"), which is often misunderstood.
In the context of the Hebrew sacrificial system, ἁμαρτία (sin) is better understood as a
sin offering (see Leviticus 4:24 in the Septuagint, where the same term is used for sin offerings).
This aligns with the Hebrew understanding of the Asham=Jesus became the offering that dealt with sin,-
Furthermore, consider Deuteronomy 21:23, which says that one hung on a tree is cursed by God. Paul references this in Galatians 3:13, explaining that Jesus took on the curse of the law for us. However, taking on the curse of sin is not the same as becoming sin. The Torah and the prophets make it clear that a guilt offering remains spotless and undefiled; otherwise, it would not be acceptable to God.
Jesus was the Pesach (פֶּסַח), the spotless Lamb (Exodus 12:5; 1 Peter 1:19), whose blood delivers us from judgment. To claim that He "became sin" would contradict His holiness, as Hebrews 4:15 explicitly states:
"For we do not have a high priest who is unable to sympathize with our weaknesses, but one who in every respect has been tempted as we are, yet without sin."
In summary, Jesus did not "become sin" in the sense of inheriting or embodying sin. He was the
Asham, the guilt offering, the holy and spotless Lamb who bore the consequences of sin without becoming sinful Himself.
To say otherwise misunderstands the profound holiness and perfection of His sacrifice.
Isaiah 53:4-6 describes the suffering servant:
"Surely He has borne our griefs and carried our sorrows... He was pierced for our transgressions; He was crushed for our iniquities."
The Hebrew word for "borne" (נָשָׂא, nasa)
conveys the idea of lifting or carrying a burden, not embodying it.
Similarly, "carried" (סָבַל, sabal) indicates taking responsibility for something without internalizing it.
2 Corinthians 5:21 says:
"For He made Him who knew no sin to be sin for us, that we might become the righteousness of God in Him."
In the Greek, ἁμαρτίαν ἐποίησεν (literally, "made Him sin") is best understood in the context of the Hebrew sacrificial system, where sin (ἁμαρτία, hamartia) often refers to a sin offering (e.g., Leviticus 4:24 in the Septuagint).
Jesus became the offering that dealt with sin.
Hebrews 4:15 affirms Christ's sinlessness:
"He was tempted in every way as we are, yet without sin."
The phrase χωρὶς ἁμαρτίας ("without sin") unequivocally states that Jesus did not become sinful, even as He bore the weight of humanity’s sin.
2. Jesus Dealt with Sin’s Power, Guilt, and Consequences
Romans 8:3 explains the purpose of Jesus’ incarnation:
"For what the law could not do, in that it was weak through the flesh, God did by sending His own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh, on account of sin: He condemned sin in the flesh."
The phrase ἐν ὁμοιώματι σαρκὸς ἁμαρτίας ("in the likeness of sinful flesh") emphasizes that while Jesus fully participated in human nature, His flesh was not sinful. He "condemned sin in the flesh," meaning He rendered sin powerless and dealt with it judicially.
1 Peter 2:24 says:
"He Himself bore our sins in His body on the tree, that we might die to sin and live to righteousness." The phrase "bore our sins" (Greek: ἀνήνεγκεν) refers to Jesus carrying the penalty and judgment of sin, not becoming sin itself.
3. Jesus’ Role as the Perfect Sacrifice
The sacrificial system in the Torah required that offerings be unblemished and spotless (e.g., Exodus 12:5; Leviticus 1:3). If Jesus had "become sin" in a literal sense, He would no longer have been a perfect sacrifice, disqualifying Him from atoning for sin.
As the Asham (guilt offering, אָשָׁם) of Isaiah 53:10, Jesus fulfilled this requirement. The guilt offering was holy, set apart, and acceptable to God-it did not take on the nature of sin itself but bore the penalty on behalf of the sinner.
4. Victory Over Sin and Death
Colossians 2:14-15 shows that Jesus dealt decisively with sin:
"Having canceled the record of debt that stood against us with its legal demands, this He set aside, nailing it to the cross. He disarmed the rulers and authorities and put them to open shame, by triumphing over them in Him."
Jesus’ death and resurrection destroyed the power of sin, fulfilling His mission without compromising His sinless nature.
1 Corinthians 15:56-57:
"The sting of death is sin, and the power of sin is the law. But thanks be to God, who gives us the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ."
Jesus dealt with sin itself, defeating its power and granting freedom to believers.
Jesus fully dealt with sin itself-its guilt, power, and consequences-without becoming sinful. He bore the penalty of sin as the perfect, spotless Lamb of God (ἀμνὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ) and fulfilled the role of the
Asham guilt offering, satisfying God’s justice and securing our redemption.
To say He "became sin" in a literal sense misunderstands both the nature of His atonement and the biblical portrayal of His sinless perfection.
@face2face is out of the picture.
J.