I'm sorry if I didn't communicate well. I've typing like crazy for the past week, attempting to answer all the objections and question and I must admit that I kept typing even while I was tired. My apologies.
I'll try to do better. It's a matter of context and focus. What is Paul's main topic in Romans 9 through 11? I take it you think Paul is talking about the church, the body of Christ. Am I right? In your view, Paul is talking about spiritual Israel, which includes both Jews and Gentiles who have circumcised hearts for instance. Okay, please correct me. I will now attempt to give a more complete answer.
I maintain that Paul acknowledges God's promises to ethnic Israel. He doesn't shy away from this idea and neither does he reject it. Paul admits that God made promises to ethnic Israel. He takes that as a given. He then sets out to explain why those promises haven't failed. But although God made promises to ethnic Israel, ethnicity is not the sole condition for salvation and forgiveness.
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But Paul faces a challenge from those who oppose his message. The fact that ethic Israel remains partially hardened is a problem for Paul's gospel. You see, God's promise was NOT made to "spiritual Israel" because this would imply that Israel was already spiritual. God made a promise to ethnic Israel to make the entire nation into a nation of believers. According to Paul, the New Covenant is in effect. But if the New Covenant is in effect, then why doesn't every citizen of ethnic Israel believe in God? Why hasn't God cleaned them up and put a new spirit in them all? Why does Israel remain partially hardened? Paul sets out to answer that question.
Follow me?
No, I don't follow you at all. Do you understand that Jeremiah 31:31-34 is quoted in Hebrews 8:8-13 and it relates to the new covenant that was established by the blood of Christ long ago? If you don't understand that, what can you understand? I think maybe nothing.
Romans 9:6
6 But it is not as though the word of God has failed. For they are not all Israel who are descended from Israel;
In the first five verses Paul acknowledges that the promise belongs to ethic Israel. The adoption as sons belongs to his kinsmen, he says. Having acknowledged that fact, he proceeds to explain why ethnicity isn't the only criteria by which an ethnic Jew stands to inherit the promise.
No, he indicates that it isn't a criteria at all! What are you reading? Look at the following verses closely, which relate directly to Romans 9:6.
Romans 9:7 Nor because they are his descendants are they all Abraham’s children. On the contrary, “It is through Isaac that your offspring will be reckoned.” 8
In other words, it is not the children by physical descent who are God’s children, but it is the children of the promise who are regarded as Abraham’s offspring.
Paul couldn't possibly have made it more clear that one's ethnicity or nationality has absolutely nothing to do with being a child of God (child of the promise, Abraham's offspring/seed). This couldn't be more clear, but you still miss it. Unbelievable.
Romans 9:18 So then He has mercy on whom He desires, and He hardens whom He desires.
If a Jew has a hardened heart, God hardened it. If a Jew has a soft heart, God hardened it. This is true of everyone. If a man stubornly refuses to believe in God, then God is the one who hardened him. Why? It serves his purpose. If God decides to pour out his spirit on an entire nation, he can and will do that if it serves his purpose.
Remember, you're talking about Romans 9-11, overall, right? Read Romans 11:30-32. In verse 32 Paul wrote "For God has bound everyone over to disobedience so that he may have mercy on them all.". God desires to have mercy on all people. You act as if He only desires to have mercy on all of ethnic Israel (or He will one day) and not the rest of the world.
I maintain that Israel #2 is a man.
That is utter nonsense of epic proportions. I doubt anyone else in the world interprets it that way. I can't even take this seriously.
Paul is saying that not all of those descended of Israel, the man, are going to be included in the Israel #1, i.e. the Israel of promise. God made a promise to ethnic Israel, but not each and every person who descended from the man Israel, will be included in the nation whom God will save.
LOL. That is not even close to what it is saying! My goodness, this is the worst case of doctrinal bias imaginable. What is this Israel of promise that you speak of? Please be specific.
That's right. I agree with that. So then, in Romans 9:6, Paul is saying not all of Abraham's natural children are children of promise. He illustrates this point with the story of Isaac and Ishmael.
Having said all that, we must bear in mind that your comparison between Galatians and Romans is apples to oranges.
Nonsense! Comparing one passage that speaks of the children of God, children of the promise and Abraham's seed to another that speaks of the children of God, children of the promise and Abraham's seed is comparing apples to oranges? How can we compare any two passages directly together then? It would be impossible.
Why? Because the subject matter in Romans 9 is much different than the subject matter in Galatians 3, where Paul argues against the Judaizers, who teach that one must put themselves under Moses in order to please God. In that epistle Paul asserts that "In Christ there is neither Jew nor Gentile, man or woman, slave or free." Ethnic distinction is removed in Christ. That is on the one hand. On the other hand, in Romans 9, Paul is dealing with God's promise to ethnic Israel. And remember, God is going to save ethnic Israel in order to restore his holy name. In this context, ethnicity is a given assumption. And the question is, how is God going to keep his promise to them as a people? How is that going to play out?
Don't read Romans 9 in isolation. Paul is making a point from Romans 9 to Romans 11. So, Romans 10 and 11 relate to what he was talking about in Romans 9. And in Romans 10 and 11 he clearly wrote about there being no difference between Jew and Gentile as well. In Romans 11 he wrote about how both Jew and Gentile believers are grafted into the cultivated olive tree because of faith. And he wrote this in Romans 10:
Romans 10:12 For
there is no difference between Jew and Gentile—the same Lord is Lord of all and richly blesses all who call on him, 13 for, “Everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved.”
So, don't tell me that comparing Romans 9:6-8 to Galatians 3:26-29 is apples and orange. No, it absolutely is not. You are failing to recognize that Paul had an overarching point he was making in Romans 9-11. And that's why you fail to recognize that the Israel of which all are saved is the Israel he referenced in Romans 9:6 of which not all from the nation of Israel are part.
Yes, Peter is talking to believers and those of the faith. This is without controversy. At the same time, we know from clues in the text that he is talking to his own kinsmen specifically. What he says to them most likely applies to the rest of us except the fact that God never declared my family line to be "his people" or a kingdom of priests, etc. Peter is quoting Exodus 19:6, which designates the sons of Jacob and refers to THEM as a holy nation and a kingdom of priests. Peter refers to them as the "diaspora". The Greek term διασπορά (diaspora, “dispersion”) refers to Jews not living in Palestine but “dispersed” or scattered among the Gentiles.
Why are you trying to separate Jewish believers into their own group when scripture repeatedly says Jew and Gentile believers have been brought together as one by faith in Christ? What nonsense! The "holy nation" clearly includes both Jew and Gentile believers. To think otherwise shows an unbelievable lack of discernment.
You don't think Gentile believers are together with Jewish believers as God's people and a kingdom of priests? John would clearly disagree with you.
Revelation 1:5 and from
Jesus Christ, who is the faithful witness, the firstborn from the dead, and
the ruler of the kings of the earth.To him who loves us and has freed us from our sins by his blood, 6 and
has made us to be a kingdom and priests to serve his God and Father—to him be glory and power for ever and ever! Amen.
Was John only talking about Jewish believers here? Of course not! So, your claim is clearly false. Your attempts to divide God's kingdom are shameful. We Jew and Gentile believers are together as one, as scripture teaches repeatedly! As Paul said, "there is no difference between Jew and Gentile—the same Lord is Lord of all and richly blesses all who call on him".