Acts 15:1 And certain men which came down from Judaea taught the brethren, and said, Except ye be circumcised after the manner of Moses, ye cannot be saved.
The men were saying that salvation lied in adherence to the law. The brethren, in the above verse, were those Gentiles who believed on the name of the Lord and were part of the believing remnant of Israel (Acts 10:45 Acts 11:18 Romans 11:17). These certain men were saying these remnant Gentiles had to be circumcised and follow the law of Moses.
Acts 15:2 When therefore Paul and Barnabas had no small dissension and disputation with them, they determined that Paul and Barnabas, and certain other of them, should go up to Jerusalem unto the apostles and elders about this question.
15:5 But there rose up certain of the sect of the Pharisees which believed, saying, That it was needful to circumcise them, and to command them to keep the law of Moses.
These Pharisees above, which were believers in Christ, were saying that circumcision and the law was necessary for the salvation of the remnant Gentiles
Acts 15:6 And the apostles and elders came together for to consider of this matter.
15:7 And when there had been much disputing, Peter rose up, and said unto them, Men and brethren, ye know how that a good while ago God made choice among us, that the Gentiles by my mouth should hear the word of the gospel, and believe.
Here, Peter is referring to Acts 10 where he was singled out from among the remnant of Israel and sent to Cornelius, a Gentile who feared God.
[Act 10:43-44 KJV] 43 To him give all the prophets witness, that through his name whosoever believeth in him shall receive remission of sins. 44 While Peter yet spake these words, the Holy Ghost fell on all them which heard the word.
Peter, when speaking in Acts 10:34-48, preached Jesus and Gentiles believed. Peter was not preaching exclusively to the Gentiles and it can be seen from verse 43 that Peter was not preaching Paul's gospel; Peter was preaching salvation only in the name of Jesus (John 20:31).
Acts 15:8 And God, which knoweth the hearts, bare them witness, giving them the Holy Ghost, even as he did unto us;
Those remnant Gentiles who believed Peter were given the Holy Ghost, as were the Jews.
Acts 15:9 And put no difference between us and them, purifying their hearts by faith.
It has always been by faith for both to Jew and Gentile.
Acts 15:10 Now therefore why tempt ye God, to put a yoke upon the neck of the disciples, which neither our fathers nor we were able to bear?
Peter was saying the Gentiles were already accepted of God; why contend with God and determine that unbearable requirements be put on them that God did not command.
Acts 15:11 But we believe that through the grace of the LORD Jesus Christ we shall be saved, even as they.
Peter here was saying that by the grace of the Lord Jesus Christ, the Jews would be saved as well as the Gentiles. Israel was unable to keep the law and needed grace to provide the righteousness of God. It has always been by grace that anyone is saved. God in times past provided salvation for the Gentiles by becoming proselytes ( Jewish converts ). God always planned to save Gentiles (Genesis 12:3 Isaiah 49:6 Isaiah 60:3 Luke 2:32).
This grace, spoken of by Peter, however, does not mean that Peter is preaching Paul's Gospel of Grace.
Paul preached faith in Christ alone, faith in what Christ did on the cross in dying for our sins, as our substitute; faith in his blood and resurrection for our complete forgiveness.
Paul preached a gospel of Grace apart from Israel. A gospel that did not require the law or works.
Paul preached that the wall of separation between Jew and Gentile was abolished by the cross (Ephesians 2:14-17).
Acts 15:13 And after they had held their peace, James answered, saying, Men and brethren, hearken unto me:
15:14 Simeon hath declared how God at the first did visit the Gentiles, to take out of them a people for his name.
Simeon is Peter. James is affirming that God was calling out the Gentiles to salvation as recorded in Acts 10:45.
Acts 15:15 And to this agree the words of the prophets; as it is written,
15:16 After this I will return, and will build again the tabernacle of David, which is fallen down; and I will build again the ruins thereof, and I will set it up:
15:17 That the residue of men might seek after the Lord, and all the Gentiles, upon whom my name is called, saith the Lord, who doeth all these things.
James was affirming that the prophets foretold the receiving of the Gentiles who would believe on the name of the Lord in the kingdom.
Acts 15:18 Known unto God are all his works from the beginning of the world.
15:19 Wherefore my sentence is, that we trouble not them, which from among the Gentiles are turned to God:
15:20 But that we write unto them, that they abstain from pollutions of idols, and from fornication, and from things strangled, and from blood.
15:21 For Moses of old time hath in every city them that preach him, being read in the synagogues every sabbath day.
James also upheld that the law was not required for Gentiles. Moses and the law is accessible and being preached in every synagogue; why introduce the law's demands to the Gentiles outside of the Jews.
Acts 15:23 And they wrote letters by them after this manner; The apostles and elders and brethren send greeting unto the brethren which are of the Gentiles in Antioch and Syria and Cilicia.
15:24 Forasmuch as we have heard, that certain which went out from us have troubled you with words, subverting your souls, saying, Ye must be circumcised, and keep the law: to whom we gave no such commandment:
15:28 For it seemed good to the Holy Ghost, and to us, to lay upon you no greater burden than these necessary things;
15:29 That ye abstain from meats offered to idols, and from blood, and from things strangled, and from fornication: from which if ye keep yourselves, ye shall do well. Fare ye well.
Written to the believing Gentiles in the remnant of Israel, was that the Holy Ghost and the disciples would not command them to be circumcised and keep the law. Only these few commandments would be laid upon them.
The men were saying that salvation lied in adherence to the law. The brethren, in the above verse, were those Gentiles who believed on the name of the Lord and were part of the believing remnant of Israel (Acts 10:45 Acts 11:18 Romans 11:17). These certain men were saying these remnant Gentiles had to be circumcised and follow the law of Moses.
Acts 15:2 When therefore Paul and Barnabas had no small dissension and disputation with them, they determined that Paul and Barnabas, and certain other of them, should go up to Jerusalem unto the apostles and elders about this question.
15:5 But there rose up certain of the sect of the Pharisees which believed, saying, That it was needful to circumcise them, and to command them to keep the law of Moses.
These Pharisees above, which were believers in Christ, were saying that circumcision and the law was necessary for the salvation of the remnant Gentiles
Acts 15:6 And the apostles and elders came together for to consider of this matter.
15:7 And when there had been much disputing, Peter rose up, and said unto them, Men and brethren, ye know how that a good while ago God made choice among us, that the Gentiles by my mouth should hear the word of the gospel, and believe.
Here, Peter is referring to Acts 10 where he was singled out from among the remnant of Israel and sent to Cornelius, a Gentile who feared God.
[Act 10:43-44 KJV] 43 To him give all the prophets witness, that through his name whosoever believeth in him shall receive remission of sins. 44 While Peter yet spake these words, the Holy Ghost fell on all them which heard the word.
Peter, when speaking in Acts 10:34-48, preached Jesus and Gentiles believed. Peter was not preaching exclusively to the Gentiles and it can be seen from verse 43 that Peter was not preaching Paul's gospel; Peter was preaching salvation only in the name of Jesus (John 20:31).
Acts 15:8 And God, which knoweth the hearts, bare them witness, giving them the Holy Ghost, even as he did unto us;
Those remnant Gentiles who believed Peter were given the Holy Ghost, as were the Jews.
Acts 15:9 And put no difference between us and them, purifying their hearts by faith.
It has always been by faith for both to Jew and Gentile.
Acts 15:10 Now therefore why tempt ye God, to put a yoke upon the neck of the disciples, which neither our fathers nor we were able to bear?
Peter was saying the Gentiles were already accepted of God; why contend with God and determine that unbearable requirements be put on them that God did not command.
Acts 15:11 But we believe that through the grace of the LORD Jesus Christ we shall be saved, even as they.
Peter here was saying that by the grace of the Lord Jesus Christ, the Jews would be saved as well as the Gentiles. Israel was unable to keep the law and needed grace to provide the righteousness of God. It has always been by grace that anyone is saved. God in times past provided salvation for the Gentiles by becoming proselytes ( Jewish converts ). God always planned to save Gentiles (Genesis 12:3 Isaiah 49:6 Isaiah 60:3 Luke 2:32).
This grace, spoken of by Peter, however, does not mean that Peter is preaching Paul's Gospel of Grace.
Paul preached faith in Christ alone, faith in what Christ did on the cross in dying for our sins, as our substitute; faith in his blood and resurrection for our complete forgiveness.
Paul preached a gospel of Grace apart from Israel. A gospel that did not require the law or works.
Paul preached that the wall of separation between Jew and Gentile was abolished by the cross (Ephesians 2:14-17).
Acts 15:13 And after they had held their peace, James answered, saying, Men and brethren, hearken unto me:
15:14 Simeon hath declared how God at the first did visit the Gentiles, to take out of them a people for his name.
Simeon is Peter. James is affirming that God was calling out the Gentiles to salvation as recorded in Acts 10:45.
Acts 15:15 And to this agree the words of the prophets; as it is written,
15:16 After this I will return, and will build again the tabernacle of David, which is fallen down; and I will build again the ruins thereof, and I will set it up:
15:17 That the residue of men might seek after the Lord, and all the Gentiles, upon whom my name is called, saith the Lord, who doeth all these things.
James was affirming that the prophets foretold the receiving of the Gentiles who would believe on the name of the Lord in the kingdom.
Acts 15:18 Known unto God are all his works from the beginning of the world.
15:19 Wherefore my sentence is, that we trouble not them, which from among the Gentiles are turned to God:
15:20 But that we write unto them, that they abstain from pollutions of idols, and from fornication, and from things strangled, and from blood.
15:21 For Moses of old time hath in every city them that preach him, being read in the synagogues every sabbath day.
James also upheld that the law was not required for Gentiles. Moses and the law is accessible and being preached in every synagogue; why introduce the law's demands to the Gentiles outside of the Jews.
Acts 15:23 And they wrote letters by them after this manner; The apostles and elders and brethren send greeting unto the brethren which are of the Gentiles in Antioch and Syria and Cilicia.
15:24 Forasmuch as we have heard, that certain which went out from us have troubled you with words, subverting your souls, saying, Ye must be circumcised, and keep the law: to whom we gave no such commandment:
15:28 For it seemed good to the Holy Ghost, and to us, to lay upon you no greater burden than these necessary things;
15:29 That ye abstain from meats offered to idols, and from blood, and from things strangled, and from fornication: from which if ye keep yourselves, ye shall do well. Fare ye well.
Written to the believing Gentiles in the remnant of Israel, was that the Holy Ghost and the disciples would not command them to be circumcised and keep the law. Only these few commandments would be laid upon them.
