We, Jehovah's Witnesses, understand that Jesus was present with God during the creation of the universe, marking his presence, but this adds nothing about whether he had a beginning.
I appreciate your frankness
@ElieG12
The question of whether Jesus had a beginning depends on which aspect of His nature you are referring to-His divine nature or His human nature.
Divine Nature (Eternal Sonship)
According to the doctrine of the Trinity, Jesus, as the second Person of the Trinity, is eternally begotten of the Father, not made, and without beginning or end. Passages such as John 1:1–3 affirm His eternal existence:
"In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. He was in the beginning with God. All things were made through Him, and without Him, nothing was made that was made."
The Greek word
ἦν (ēn), translated as "was," indicates continuous, timeless existence.
The Nicene Creed further emphasizes this by stating that the Son is "begotten, not made, being of one substance with the Father." This teaching highlights that Jesus, in His divine nature, is
uncreated and co-eternal with the Father and the Spirit.
Human Nature (Incarnation)
In His human nature, Jesus had a beginning when He was conceived in the womb of the virgin Mary by the power of the Holy Spirit. This event is described in Luke 1:35:
"The Holy Spirit will come upon you, and the power of the Highest will overshadow you; therefore, also, that Holy One who is to be born will be called the Son of God."
This marks the beginning of His existence as a
human being while maintaining His divine nature. The mystery of the Incarnation is summarized in John 1:14:
"And the Word became flesh and dwelt among us, and we beheld His glory, the glory as of the only begotten of the Father, full of grace and truth."
Early Church Councils, such as Nicaea (AD 325) and Chalcedon (AD 451),
articulated these truths to combat heresies that either denied Christ’s full divinity (e.g., Arianism) or His true humanity (e.g., Docetism).
These councils affirmed that Jesus Christ is fully God and fully man, with two distinct natures united in one Person without confusion, change, division, or separation.
From this perspective:
As God, Jesus is eternal, without beginning or end (Revelation 1:8; Hebrews 13:8).
As man, His human life began at the Incarnation.
Rev_1:8 YHWH Himself speaks this verse, affirming the truth of the previous statements about Jesus. It combines four titles for Him with an allusion to a fifth and possibly a sixth. Apparently, Rev_1:8 was God adding His personal affirmation to the above statement by the use of these magnificent names.
1. "I Am," which is an allusion to the Covenant name YHWH (cf. Exo_3:14), a form of the verb "to be." Jesus used this of Himself (cf. Joh_8:56-59). The title "Lord" (kurios) in the NT reflects this OT title.
2. "Alpha and Omega" are the first and last letters of the Greek alphabet which assume that God is the beginning and the ending, the controller of history (cf. Isa_44:6; Rev_21:6); this title is also used of Jesus in Rev_1:17; Rev_22:13.
3. "The Lord" is the modern way of translating YHWH.
4. "God" in Gen_2:4, YHWH, and Elohim are combined (the LORD God) as a name for deity. El is the general name for god in the Near East, from the root "to be strong."
5. "The One who is the One who was, the One coming" is the phrase used earlier in Rev_1:4, which speaks of the unchanging, ever-living God (cf. Psa_102:27; Mal_3:6; Jas_1:17). This phrase is used of God the Father, YHWH, in Rev_1:4; Rev_1:8 and of Jesus, God the Son, in Rev_1:17-18; Rev_22:13 (cf. Heb_13:8).
6. "The Almighty" which was the OT term, (1) "El-Shaddai," the patriarchal name for God (cf. Exo_6:3) or (2) "YHWH Sabaoth," from the LXX's "The Lord God Almighty.
It is found often in this book (i.e., pantokratôr, cf. Rev_4:8; Rev_11:17; Rev_15:3; Rev_16:7; Rev_16:14; Rev_19:6; Rev_19:11; Rev_21:22), but only once in the other NT books (i.e., 2Co_6:18).
One early Greek manuscript, aleph (א*), and several later manuscripts add the phrase "the beginning and the end" after "the Alpha and the Omega." Scribes inserted it from Rev_21:6, but it is probably not an original part of the inspired original Greek text. The UBS4 rates its exclusion as "certain."
I am. This text, according to Daniel Waterland, "is to be interpreted (with all antiquity) of God the Son," which he proves (1) from the context; (2) from antiquity; (3) from the weaknesses of the reasons for applying this text to the Father. As to the context, all acknowledge that verse 7 applies to the Son; there is insufficient contextual warrant for making a sudden shift in this verse to avoid the application of divine titles to the Son,
as the Arians argue for.
As to antiquity, both Ante-Nicene and Post-Nicene writers concur in applying this text to Christ, such that "never were men more unanimous than the ancients were in this matter; there being no one exception, on record, against it." As to reasons for applying this text to the Father, some argue that since in verse 4 the title "which is, which was, and which is to come" applies to the Father, the same title used here must likewise.
But this fails to recognize that the same titles are often given to both, as the title "Alpha and Omega" most certainly is (Rev_1:11; Rev_1:17; Rev_2:8; Rev_22:13, See related note on Rev_3:14). The objection that the title "the Almighty" is always in Scripture applied to the Father, never the Son, is mistaken, for (1) "it is mere groundless presumption to suppose that as often as that title is applied to the one God in the Old Testament, it is applied to the Father only: since it may often be understood indifferently either of Father, or Son, or of the whole Trinity"; (2) "there are several texts of the Old Testament, which we have good reason to believe are to be understood particularly of God the Son. Psalms 24 has by the primitive Fathers been interpreted of Christ.
The title Lord of hosts (Kurios dunameon), applied to Christ in that Psalm, is equivalent to Almighty (Kurios pantokrator), as the LXX Interpreters render the same words indifferently by one or other, as may easily be seen in a multitude of instances, by looking into Trommius’s Concordance."
John himself in his Apocalypse, Rev_4:8, alluding to Isa_6:3, where it reads "Holy, holy, holy, is the Lord of hosts," gives not Kurios dunameon, (or sabaoth), but Kurios o Theos o pantokrator, Lord God Almighty. John likewise applies the title "Lord of hosts" to Christ, as can be seen by comparing Jhn_12:41 with Isa_6:5, Compare Zec_2:8; Zec_12:5; Zec_12:10 with Jhn_19:34; Jhn_19:37, "These instances are sufficient to check the confidence of such as roundly affirm, without a syllable of proof, that the title of pantokrator, Almighty, is in holy Scripture applied always to the Father only" (Waterland, Works, vol. 2, Sermon VI, "Christ’s Divinity proved from his Titles," pp. 141-143; "A Second Defence of Some Queries," pp. 562-565). Waterland continues his argument at length with the astute observation, that the arguments used by the Arians to deny the eternity of the Son left no remaining valid arguments to assert the eternity of the Father. Rev_1:18, Rev_2:23; Rev_21:6; *Rev_22:13; *Rev_22:16, >Exo_3:14; Exo_23:21, Psa_68:4, Isa_43:3; Isa_43:10-11; *Isa_44:6; Isa_45:5-6; Isa_48:12; Isa_63:16, +*Jhn_8:28; +*Jhn_8:58.
You agree?
J.