This is not a general judgment of all Gentiles. This is Christ separating Israel out of the Nations. Both the sheep and goats represent Israel. Many teach according to the remnant of Israel who are saved. Some claim all of Israel are changed at one time. So is the restoration of Israel 100%, 33%, or 50%? Jesus never claims how many are goats and how many are sheep. There could be 99% sheep, and 1% goats. The point is not the amount, but the reward given to the sheep and the reward given to the goats. And this parable is about Israel, not all of humanity.
This is not the final judgment. These are living humans in physical bodies. Those at the GWT are the dead. They have no physical bodies at the GWT. The sheep and goats judgment is not even Revelation 20:4. Those are physically dead souls brought back to physical life. The sheep are judge and awarded permanent incorruptible physical bodies. They rule and reign with Christ the Prince during the 1,000 year reign. They are spared from going through the rest of the GT and Satan's 42 months.
The church is the first group removed at the Second Coming. The sheep is the second group. So the sheep do not represent the church. The church represents the church. The sheep represents Israel, being called out. The 100% of Israel "changed in a day". Like some who claim to be church, and are not. The goats are those who claim to be Israel and are not.
The last group is the final harvest of Gentiles themselves, the wheat and the tares. Those are humans alive today, who still have not heard the gospel nor rejected that gospel. The wheat and tares are not left behind church members nor goats. They represent those who hear the gospel from Christ, Himself during the GT. And from the 144k disciples. Jesus is going to be on the earth during this time of trouble the same way He was with the original 12 disciples. He will send them out just like he did in the first century. They plant the seed of the Gospel. The angels will harvest the wheat and the tares. During that time, both the church and Israel will have already been removed from the earth. Does no one see that Revelation is the systematic methodical removal of all of Adam's flesh and blood from the earth? First the church. Then Israel. Then a Gentile harvest. If at the 7th Trumpet Christ as Prince confirms the Atonement, and finds some gleanings left, souls still to enter the kingdom, then and only then will Satan be given 42 months.
Those last souls to enter the kingdom do so by having their heads chopped off. Those beheaded are your post tribulation "die hards". So those who think they are going to make it to the end, will not. They did not leave with the church, nor Israel, nor the wheat. Why would God give them chance after chance to leave, but they are still on earth? Does not any one see, that the last chance to have eternal life is having one's head chopped off?
The Seals are about the church taken out. The Trumpets are calling Israel to assembly after the Second Coming. The Thunders are for those living after the 6 Trumpets, and we never needed to know what they were, because they were never about, nor for the church, nor Israel. They were about the wheat and tares after Jesus and the angels were already present on the earth. And only after the Thunders are we told Satan gets 42 months. Most place Satan's time even before the Second Coming. That cannot work according to Revelation. The only one's left for the vials, the wrath of God, are those with the mark. Not even the 2 witnesses are alive. Their bodies are there dead in Jerusalem during the 7 vials.
So yes, the sheep and goat judgment is after the Second Coming done by Christ as Prince on the throne in Jerusalem for Israel, to allow that group of sheep to rule with Him during the 1,000 year reign. The same throne allowed to be used by the FP and Satan, only if the 42 months are necessary. That is the 7th Trumpet Atonement confirmation to see if any souls are left to harvest as described in Daniel 9:27. That week split is the week of the 7th Trumpet. That desolation is the 42 months. The war that ends that desolation is the battle of Armageddon. The return in Revelation 19 is to take back the throne after 42 months of desolation.
For that matter Jerusalem is the mystery Babylon, because that is the seat of Satan's Babylon empire for those short 3.5 years. Who is left to govern is about to be revealed at the Second Coming.