We are given the basic criteria in Deuteronomy.
Deu 18:21 And if you say in your heart, 'How may we know the word that the LORD has not spoken?'—
Deu 18:22 when a prophet speaks in the name of the LORD, if the word does not come to pass or come true, that is a word that the LORD has not spoken; the prophet has spoken it presumptuously. You need not be afraid of him.
Deu 13:1 "If a prophet or a dreamer of dreams arises among you and gives you a sign or a wonder,
Deu 13:2 and the sign or wonder that he tells you comes to pass, and if he says, 'Let us go after other gods,' which you have not known, 'and let us serve them,'
Deu 13:3 you shall not listen to the words of that prophet or that dreamer of dreams. For the LORD your God is testing you, to know whether you love the LORD your God with all your heart and with all your soul.
Nomad,
That's the Old Covenant. The New Covenant's criteria are different because NT prophecy is not the same as OT prophecy.
I Cor 14:3-7 (NIV) states:
But the one who prophesies speaks to people for their strengthening, encouraging and comfort. 4 Anyone who speaks in a tongue edifies themselves, but the one who prophesies edifies the church. 5 I would like every one of you to speak in tongues, but I would rather have you prophesy. The one who prophesies is greater than the one who speaks in tongues, unless someone interprets, so that the church may be edified.
The criteria for assessing NT prophecy are: strengthening, encouraging and comforting the church. In fact I Cor 14 states that all prophecies were delivered in the NT church.
Further criteria are given in 1 Cor 14: 24-25 (NIV);
But if an unbeliever or an inquirer comes in while everyone is prophesying, they are convicted of sin and are brought under judgment by all, as the secrets of their hearts are laid bare. So they will fall down and worship God, exclaiming, “God is really among you!”
Other criteria involve the response of unbelievers when there is prophecy:
- convicted of sin,
- brought under judgment,
- secrets of their hearts are laid bare,
- they fall down and worship God.
There also is the need to 'weigh carefully' the content of the prophecy in the church gathering:
'Everything must be done so that the church may be built up.... Two or three prophets should speak, and the others should weigh carefully what is said' (1 Cor 14:26, 29 NIV).
In 1 Cor 14, nothing is stated about NT prophecy being predictive. It is a word from God that is designed to strengthen, encourage, and comfort people.
Oz