So we have Jews translating Hebrew scriptures into the Greek called the Septuagint
...
[Personal note: There are also some fragments of Greek papyrii (sections from the OT, Leviticus 26:2-16 (4Q119), Leviticus 1:11, 2:3-5,7-8?, 3:4,7,9-14, 4:3-4,6-8,10-11,18-19,26-28,30, 5:6,8-10,16-24, [6:1-5] (4Q120); Numbers 3:40-43,50-51?, 4:1?,5-9,11-16, 3:39? (4Q121); Deuteronomy 11:4 (4Q122); “unidentified text” (4Q126); Exodus (4Q127); Exodus 28:4-7 (7Q1); 'Letter of Jeremiah' vss 43-44 (not Jeremiah scripture) (7Q2), other “unidentified texts” (7Q3, 7Q4, 7Q5, 7Q6-18, 7Q19) and from the minor prophets (Nahal Hever cave) as Jonah 1:14-17, 2:1-6, 3:1-10, 4:1-2; Micah 1:1-8, 2:7-8, 3:5-6, 4:3-10, 5:2-7; Nahum 1:13-14, 2:4-11, 3:3-16; Habakkuk 1:5-17, 2:1-8,13-20, 3:8-15; Zephaniah 1:1-6,13-18, 2:9-10, 3:6-7; Zechariah 1:1-4,12-14,19-21, 2:3-5,7-8,12-13, 3: -
List of the Dead Sea Scrolls - Wikipedia ) found in the caves at Qum'ran, of certain OT texts, but these have no known connection to anything called “LXX” (and only ASSUMMED to be so), as there is no known way to actually determine the transmission (who/where they came from) or dates of these fragments, and could easily have been made AD, rather than BC, and placed in those locations to preserve them during the times of persecution and destruction of manuscripts by Romans, or other. As far as I am aware these particular scraps have not been Carbon dated, which has about 19 or so assumptions even if they had, but are more paleographically dated, which is just as arbitrary and subjective.
The ‘scholarly’ (Mal. 2:12 KJB) ‘dates’ that are given to the various manuscripts (mss; at least the Syriack (Aramaic), and Greek) are all generally based upon “paleographical” analysis, and, as far as this author is aware, not radiocarbon dating, or other radiometric-dating methods, at least to the date of this present writing (AD July 2024). If this author is mistaken about that latter part, please excuse, as this author did research as far as was possible and concluded no such ‘scientific’ dating technique was utilized upon them. Even if the materials were radiocarbon dated, the ‘dates’ produced, would be based upon several unprovable assumptions, and the conclusion would end in selected ‘dates’ that already matched the ‘accepted’ ‘paleographical’ assumed dates, and other ‘dates’ produced by said ‘method(s)’ not already matching the ‘accepted dates’ would simply be ignored or tossed, as is generally the case with most radiocarbon dating when compared to preconceived ‘dates’ obtained by other ‘assumptive methods’ of ‘guessulation’ (coined, this author), or ‘thumbnology’ (coined, ‘Walter. J. Veith’; “Heritage of Israel”).
Paleography is already of itself highly assumptive conjecture and guesswork at best to begin with; is generally non-substantive, but mostly (not entirely) subjective, being typically based in the a priori biases or experiences of the ‘scientist(s)’ utilizing such ‘methods’ of/for ‘dating’. This author likens such ‘method(s)’ to the ‘found laundry on the floor ‘sniff-test’’ to ‘date’ the age. ...
... Taking a ‘whiff’ or two, and based upon the criteria already existing in the mind to judge the item(s), an ‘age’ is assumed for how long the dirty laundry had been laying there. What could go wrong with such ‘scientific’ analysis? Much everything. Yet, many simply just accept such ‘dates’ pulled out of thin air and the imagination of guesswork, such as that of J. T. Milik, and others, where they assume ‘dates’ based upon the ‘magick’ and, somewhat pseudoscience of, “paleography” to the years circa 250-200 BC to 1 BC, and some portions up to AD 100 (underlined supplied), for instance (on 'enochian' fragments):
“... The dates of the 4QEn manuscripts are spread over the second and first centuries B.C.: Ena was written in the first half, Enb in the middle, and Enf (represented by only one fragment, written by the same copyist as that of 4QTestLevib) in the third quarter of the second century; Ene was written in the first half, Eng in the middle, and Enc (of which End seems to be a more or less contemporary copy) in the last third of the first century. However approximate these dates may be (and I would be the first to [page 5,7] acknowledge that there is a fairly wide margin of error), it is significant in every respect that, apart from one manuscript of the Astronomical Book (Enastrb) and some copies of the Book of Giants, no manuscript of 4QEn has been found in the beautiful ‘classical’ writing of the Herodian era or from the last period of the Essene occupation of Hirbet Qumrân. ...” - Jozef T. Milik, The Books of Enoch Aramaic Fragments of Qumran Cave 4 edited by J. T. Milik with the collaboration of Matthew Black, Oxford At The Clarendon Press, 1976, pages 5 & 7 (chart on page 6) -
MILIK - The Book of Enoch Aramaic Fragments Qumran Cave 4 : Jozef T. Milik : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive
MILIK - The Book of Enoch Aramaic Fragments Qumran Cave 4The Enoch Scroll of the texts from Qumran Library Cave 4 has provided parts in Aramaic among the Dead...
archive.org
MILIK - The Book of Enoch Aramaic Fragments Qumran Cave 4The Enoch Scroll of the texts from Qumran Library Cave 4 has provided parts in Aramaic among the Dead...
archive.org
Well, “approximate … dates … [being] acknowledge[d] [as] … a fairly wide margin of error” is not by means an accurate, concrete, tested, repeated or demonstrable fact of any kind. One author even says, “suggested” (Book of Watchers: History of Documents and Research, Chapter 2, pg. 15 -
https://ms.augsburgfortress.org/downloads/9781451490329_Chapter 2 excerpt.pdf?redirected=true ). Those ‘accepted’ ‘dates’ are the collective mental infatuation and brain fog of a fallen (sinful) human being. The texts could just as well have been created in that particular script in the 1st century or later AD and then placed there at any time after. Every ‘scholar’ on the subject merely places their guess onto the ‘field’, or assumes a guess already given by someone else. It would be laughable, if it weren’t so sad that this is the complete mess that passes as ‘science’ these days. This author does not accept any of those ‘dates’ as valid, or substantive.
See also The Mythological Septuagint -
https://ia801900.us.archive.org/13/...r S Ruckman - The Mythological Septuagint.pdf
“1 Jones, The Septuagint: A Critical Analysis, op. cit., pp. 10–54. The reader should, in all fairness, be apprised of the fact that very nearly all references in the literature which allude to the Septuagint in fact pertain to Origen's 5th column. That is, the real LXX from all citation evidence as to N.T. references – indeed, for all practical purposes – the Septuagint that we actually “see” and “use” is found to actually be only two manuscripts, Vaticanus B and Sinaiticus a. This is especially true of Vaticanus. Although this fact is difficult to ferret out from among the vast amount of literature on the subject, it may be verified by numerous sources. Among them, the reader is directed to page 1259 in The New Bible Dictionary op. cit., (Texts-Versions) where D.W. Gooding admits this when he relates that the LXX of Jer.38:40 (Jer.31:40 in the MT) as shown in figure 214 has been taken from the Codex Sinaiticus. Thomas Hartwell Horne is even more direct in An Introduction to the Critical Study and Knowledge of the Holy Scriptures, 9th ed., Vol. II, (London, Eng.: Spottiswoode and Shaw, 1846), fn. 1. p. 282 and fn. 3 p. 288. It has been established that both were produced from Origen's 5th column. Thus, the Septuagint which we actually utilize in practical outworking, the LXX which is cited almost ninety percent of the time, is actually the LXX that was written more than 250 years after the completion of the New Testament canon – and by a “Catholicized Jehovah's Witness” [personal note: He means 'Origen'.] at that! Moreover, it must be seen that the testimony of these two corrupted manuscripts is almost solely responsible for the errors being foisted upon the Holy Scriptures in both Testaments by modern critics!” - Footnote 1, Which Version?, by Floyd Nolen Jones, 20th edition page 129 [PDF] -
https://ia601901.us.archive.org/9/i... Nolen Jones - Which Version Is The Bible.pdf
Various scholarly videos about the so called “LXX” (Septuagint”), by David W. Daniels, and Dr. Phil Stringer:
- YouTube