The Bible clearly teaches that Jesus is fully God and fully man, not merely a prophet or created being. John 1:1 says, “In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.” Verse 14 makes it clear that the Word became flesh, Jesus.
JOHN 1:1 serves as a key reference for Trinitarians. However, to support the non-Trinitarian interpretation of this verse by Bible Students, we refer to The Bible Translator, a publication aimed at Trinitarian scholars:
“If the translation were a matter of substituting words, a possible translation . . . would be, ‘The Word was a god.’ As a word for-word translation it cannot be faulted, and to pagan Greeks who heard early Christian language, Theos en o Logos, might have seemed a perfectly sensible statement. . . . The reason why it is unacceptable is that it runs counter to the current of Johannine thought, and indeed of Christian thought as a whole.” (The Bible Translator, Vol. 28, No. 1, Jan. 1977).
Take note of their remark that, as a literal translation, "it cannot be faulted." In reality, in Acts 12:22 (where Herod's voice is described as a god's voice) and Acts 28:6 (where Paul is referred to as a god), the translators added the article "a" before the word theos in both cases. They believe this contradicts John's message in John 1:1. This conclusion is quite subjective.
John 1:1-2 states: "In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. This Word was present at the beginning with God." A direct translation from Greek would be: "In a beginning was the Word, and the Word was with the God, and a God was the Word. This was in a beginning with the God." Trinitarians have attempted to create balance by omitting the article "the." In the King James Version, as well as in many other translations, all mentions of God appear equal to English readers. This approach obscures the distinction between the emphasized God mentioned twice and the less emphasized God referring to the Logos.
However, later in this chapter (John 1:18), a distinct difference is made between these Gods beyond just grammatical emphasis: “No one has ever seen God; the only begotten God, who is close to the Father, has made Him known.” (New American Standard Bible, Marshall Interlinear, etc.) This indicates the existence of a "begotten God" and a "begetter God." Therefore, John 1:1 should be interpreted in a way that aligns with this verse.
To effectively argue their point, a Trinitarian must demonstrate that the term "God" in John 1:1 holds significant meaning in all three instances it appears. Dr. G. C. Knapp, an established Trinitarian, states: “The term Logos, translated as Word, signifies, among Jews and other ancient cultures, everything through which God reveals Himself to humanity and communicates His will. In this context, the main evidence does not rest on the term Logos ('revealer of God') or even on the term theos ('God'), which can also refer to kings and earthly rulers in a broader sense, but rather on what is attributed to the Logos.” (Beach vs. Hickey on the Trinity, W. B. Beach and Y. Hickey, quoting G. C. Knapp, pp. 60, 61)
Can we use this reasoning to demonstrate that Jesus is the supreme God based on this passage? Does it indicate that the Logos is equal to God? Without equality, he cannot be considered God, nor can he be one-third of God. What does John mean by "beginning"? God is eternal, having no start or end, as stated in Psalm 90:2, "from everlasting to everlasting." So, what "beginning" is associated with the Logos? Revelation 3:14 provides clarity: "The Amen, the faithful and true witness, the beginning [arche] of the creation of God."
Some people argue that the term "beginning" (arche) can be interpreted as "principality, magistrates, first, first estate, corners," and that this alters the meaning of Revelation 3:14. Regardless of whether our Lord is referred to as the beginning, first, or principal "creation of God," it does not change the fact that he is a created being before all others. In the King James Version, the Apostle John consistently translates the word arche as "beginning." In the Appendix, we provide a comprehensive list of every instance of arche in the New Testament, as noted in The Englishman’s Concordance. We encourage you to examine these instances and see how "beginning" is a fitting translation. It seems that translators have attempted to modify the meaning of this word in this verse due to concerns about its implications for the Trinity.
Let’s consider the possibility that the Trinitarians are right about John 1:1. If we accept that the Logos represents Jehovah (or Yahweh), what message is John conveying? If John viewed the Logos as the God of Moses, why would he state that the “Logos was with God, and the Logos was God”? Which God was the Logos with? Why does he reference a point in eternity as the beginning and claim the Logos was present then? If his intention was to demonstrate that the Logos is God, he should have stated, “Look at this point. It marks the beginning. The Logos existed before this beginning as God, for He is God.” By placing the Logos at the point called the beginning rather than before it, their argument becomes significantly weaker.
The texts below clarify this truth: God has always existed, and the concept of a beginning in time is linked solely to the Logos.
God “from everlasting to everlasting.” Ps. 90:2
Christ Jesus “in the beginning was the Word . . .” John 1:1
“The Lord created me at the beginning of his work.” Prov. 8:22, RSV
The Lord made me at the start of His creation. (Prov. 8:22, RSV) Additionally, John 1:1 cannot serve as evidence for the Trinity since it does not mention the Holy Spirit. This is quite problematic, as a key scripture supporting the Trinity overlooks one-third of it. Thus, whatever John 1:1 may indicate, it does not reference the Holy Spirit, failing to include the essential component needed to validate the Trinity. Trinitarians have searched the Bible for every possible verse to support their view. In most of the verses they cite, they employ similar reasoning as in John 1:1, arguing that God and Jesus are one, while hoping we overlook the absence of the Holy Spirit in their evidence. The strategy seems to be to engage people in the debate so they forget that the Holy Spirit is not mentioned. Consequently, the discussion lacks the necessary element for logical proof. To substantiate the Trinity doctrine, it is crucial to find Biblical references that affirm the unity of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. Even if we could demonstrate that the Father and Son are one being, would that truly establish a Trinity?
Referring to God as “Christ” gives Him a title but does not make Him the Anointed One. We ask again, “What have you done with Christ?” Where is He? You cannot have three absolute Gods and still claim there is one absolute God. If you do, you must change the definition of absolute. Defining God as Christ effectively replaces Christ. God can never be anything less than God!