Perhaps if you had read Matthew and understood it, you would have seen that there was an
earthquake and that there was also
turmoil among the people in Jerusalem.
Matthew 27:50-54: - 50 When Jesus had cried out again in a loud voice, He yielded up His spirit. 51 At that moment the veil of the temple was torn in two from top to bottom. The earth quaked(G:4579) and the rocks were split. 52 The tombs broke open, and the bodies of many saints who had fallen asleep were raised. 53 After Jesus’ resurrection, when they had come out of the tombs, they entered the holy city and appeared to many people.
54 When the centurion and those with him who were guarding Jesus saw the turmoil(G:4578) and all that had happened, they were terrified and said, “Truly this was the Son of God.”
Verse 51(b) above is describing an
earthquake while the centurion saw the resulting
turmoil as a result of Christ being crucified and the
earthquake that occurred at the same time as Christ died on the cross. In Mark 15:33 we are also told that there was darkness over all of the land between the six and ninth hours of the day.
Another Gospel records this: -
Luke 23:47-48: - 47 When the centurion saw what had happened, he gave glory to God, saying, “Surely this was a righteous man.” 49 And when all the people who had gathered for this spectacle saw what had happened, they returned home beating their breasts.
A few verses further along in Matthew's Gospel he recorded this: -
Matthew 28:2: - 2 Suddenly there was a great earthquake/turmoil, for an angel of the Lord descended from heaven, rolled away the stone, and sat on it.
The question that needs to be asked and answered is, "Can an Angel descending down through the air cause an earthquake?"
I would answer this question with a
NO as an earthquake can only happens in the earth itself and not in air or in water. However, the angel descending from heaven would have caused great turmoil in the Temple guard, guarding the tomb, when the angel descended.
But your question is valid as to whether or not an earthquake actually occurred at the time of Christ's death.
Matthew's gospel does not indicate when the centurion made his statement, “
Truly this was the Son of God.” The centurion could have made this statement at any time after Christ died based on the turmoil that he saw during and after the crucifixion.